Journal Issues

Abstract
Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) is products which may be offered fast and at a noticeably low rate. Examples encompass nondurable goods and easy beverages, toiletries, over the-counter pills, processed additives, and exceptional consumables. FMCG is the 4th largest area in the Indian monetary gadget and is properly worth approximately USD forty 9 billion as of 2016 (as in keeping with IBEF). Household & Personal
Care is the leading segment accounting for 50% of the overall marketplace. This is decided through Healthcare at 32% and Food & Beverages comes subsequent in terms of marketplace percentage at 18%. Under Household & Personal Care, Haircare debts for approximately 23% located thru Oral care at 15%, Homecare at 6% and Skincare at 5% Credit Appraisal is the approach through a manner of which a lender appraises the technical
feasibility, monetary viability, and bank ability together with the creditworthiness of the prospective borrower. However, within the last few years, the FMCG market has grown at a faster tempo in Thiruvallur District. FMCG businesses play a pivotal character in our normal lives. From toothpaste, soaps, daily use objects and plenty of
others. FMCG agencies have ruled the Indian market and are set to grow similarly. The FMCG Company has seen some huge gamers but disruption through new players has moreover changed the Indian situation. The top Indian FMCG businesses encompass names like HUL, ITC, Nestle and New Entrant Patanjali. The primary motive for this paper is to examine and examine about FMCG Sector in Thiruvallur District. This paper focuses on Significance of FMCG Sector, Evolution of FMCG in India, Three crucial segments of FMCG, Growth in Thiruvallur
FMCG Sector, Challenges in FMCG Sector, Market Share of Companies in some FMCG Categories as of January 2018, Top 10 FMCG Companies of India 2018, Strategies Adopted in FMCG, Advantages of FMCG Sector, Trends of FMCG Sector and Scope of the FMCG Sector. Data has been gathered from multiple belongings of evidence, further to books, journals, internet websites, and newspapers.
Keywords: boom, purchaser, FMCG region 

Abstract 
Jute is one of the most important natural fibres after cotton in terms of cultivation and usage. Cultivation is
dependent on the climate, season and soil. Almost 85% of the world’s jute cultivation is concentrated in the Ganges delta. The major jute producing States in India are Assam, Bihar, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Orissa, Tripura and West Bengal, but the Indian jute industry is mainly dependent on West Bengal wherein this industry had begun in 1854 with the setting up of the jute mill by George Auckland at Rishra in Hooghly district. As per the National Jute Board, there are 80 jute mills in India at present, out of which 62 belong to West Bengal, 7 belong to Andhra Pradesh, 3 belong to Bihar and Uttar Pradesh each, and Assam, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and Tripura have I jute mill each. Hence, this paper makes an attempt to analyze the prospects of jute production in India taking into account the state wise production of jute in the country.   
Keywords: Production of Jute, State Wise Production. 

Abstract 
 The rural development programmes occupy significant position in India’s economic planning, as nearly three fourth of its population lives in villages. In fact villages represent real India. Hence without uplifting rural masses,
we cannot think over accelerate the pivot of overall economic development. In order to ensure that there should
be balanced economic development of the country and the fruits of the development should percolate to the grass-root levels, rural development gets the top most priority in our planned efforts. Health management are part of the core strategy of the mission. Government of India launched the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) on 12thApril 2005 throughout the India with special focus on 18 states which have weak public health indicators and/or weak infrastructure. The NRHM was launched with a view to bring about dramatic improvement in the health system and health status of the people, especially those living in rural areas by the end of 2012. The NRHM has a clear objective of providing quality health care in the remotest rural areas by making it accessible, affordable and accountable. Under NRHM, financial assistance has been provided to the states, UTs for the health systems strengthening which include augmentation of infrastructure human resources and programme management, emergency responses services, Mobile Medical units, community participation.   
Keywords: ASHA workers, Training Strategy, Compensation, PHC. 

Abstract 
This paper challenges to condition and the status of Women Empowerment in Gujarat, what are various problems in empowering women. In the twenty first century,it is very important to empower women and the Indian government has been putting efforts to women empowerment. Today the empowerment of women has become one of the most important concerns of the 21st century. Women are the most important for progress of a society and an economy. This study is based on secondary data. Indian women are dis empowered and do not enjoy a good strut in the society. This study determined that women empower can be achieved through give more education and employment, and also needed equality in the society.    
Keywords: Women empowerment, government policy,social and economic position.

Abstract 

Kerala economy has largely depended on migrant labourers from different parts of the country in recent years. But the working and living conditions of this labour force in the state is pitiful. The vulnerability and social exclusion among the migrant workers have been widely discussed. It is the responsibility of the government to ensure the better living and working conditions to the core labour source of the state. The present paper is a look in to the government initiatives to assimilate these migrant workers in to the state.      

Abstract 
Paddy farmers are still encountering serious marketing problems such as lack of infrastructure facilities, intervention of large number of middlemen, remunerative and unstable price, lack of market information, lack of organized markets, poor extension service, malpractices in market, heavy commission charged by middlemen and heavy production. Bearing the above points in mind, an attempt has been made in this chapter to study the problems in the cultivation and marketing of paddy in the study area. The present study is selected its sample size is 108. The convenience sampling method was adopted for this study. The selected 108 respondents who are engaged in paddy cultivation and they resides in musiri block. It is suggested Permitting outside traders to take part in the commission at the open market will pave the way for competitive bidding and consequently increase the prices offered to the farmer.    

Abstract 
The multifaceted concept of employee engagement has received growing attention both from researchers and
practitioners. Employee engagement is important for organisations since it contributes to the job performance,
financial results and customers’ satisfaction. Therefore, there is a need for organisations to evaluate the level of
employee engagement. This study aims to assess the dimensions of employees’ engagement in insurance
companies which are operating in Mysuru District. A sample size of 219 employees of both private and public, life and non-life insurance companies has been taken using stratified random sampling. In this study, chi-square test was employed to test the research hypotheses. The study is an attempt to explore the better understanding of level of employee engagement in insurance sector. The findings of the research will help the management and also employees of the insurance companies to understand employee engagement.
Keywords: Employee Engagement, Insurance Industry.   

Abstract 
The much celebrated Kerala developmental experience popularly dubbed as Kerala Model of Equitable
Development has received lots of critical reviews as well as copiousrhetoric. Such a renewed interest in the model owes samply to the Sen vs. Bhagwati debate as well as the reputation accorded to Gujarat model of Development and Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s growth oriented policy schemata. As such the debate has become the one characterized as redistribution vs. growth concerns. The developmental model of Kerala, often pictured as the Poster-child of left-democratic government as well as various socio-religious reformatory movements, has undoubtedly failed to acknowledge the dynamic themes of globalization, remaining as its abandoned child. Consequently, the model still remains as a socio-human development oriented model than accommodating economic developmental prospects of the state. Along with it, a few inefficiencies attached with the socio-economic-cultural and political scenario of the state has rendered the model quite insufficient for future growth and developmental prospects. The paper focuses on such multi-dimensional inefficiencies which elude the action premises of the model, questioning the element of inclusiveness as well as sustainability. Further the paper also delves into the contentious matter, whether a refurbishing or rejuvenation of the developmental model, which lodges the dynamic themes of globalization, is inevitable or not. Whether the model can be emulated elsewhere effectively remains as a contestable issue, and the suggested rejuvenation/refurbishing of the model conclusively points towards an arrangement that can put up both the growth and re distributional  concerns, embracing the essentials of globalization, than being hostile, out-dated developmental notion, from a primitive age. After all, cogency of every growth and developmental notion lies in its effectiveness in addressing and embracing the element of dynamism associated with economism. 
 

Abstract 
The Article on the role of health expenditures in human life in the current scenario is basically descriptive nature to explain about the attitude of the people and their current life style, eating habits etc., which decides their health conditions. Especially the younger generation is so easily affected by the enormous diseases and they have become intolerable and allergetic for small things. India is a country as per the Economic Survey 2015-16, which has a  human resource wealth at working  age is between 50 to 65 percentage. That means the working population, which is the pillar for successful development of the nation, should be  healthy and dynamic. The Article stresses that besides  the significance of the human resource in the development of the nation, the current
scenario does not reveal any promising trend from the side of  working population group. Therefore the current Article dis cusses the nature and reality  of human resource problems and the need to overcome those problems. 
The Article is based on the realistic human  reactions, articles and journals published during current period. 

Abstract 
Human resource departments are involved with efforts to improve productivity through changes in employee
relations. QWL means having good supervision, good working conditions, good pay and benefits and an interesting, challenging and rewarding job. High QWL is sought through an employee relations philosophy that
encourages the use of QWL efforts, which are systematic attempts by an organization to give workers greater
opportunities to affect their jobs and their contributions to the organization’s overall effectiveness. That is, a proactive human resource department finds ways to empower employees so that they draw on their “brains and wits,”usually by getting the employees more involved in the decision-making process. The role of human resource department in QWL efforts varies widely. In some organizations, top management appoints an executive to ensure that QWL and productivity efforts occur throughout the organization. In most cases, these executives have a small staff and must rely on the human resource department for help with employee training, communications, attitude survey feedback, and similar assistance. In other organizations, the department is responsible for initiating and directing the firm’s QWL and productivity efforts. 
Keywords: Basic elements of quality of work life,factors of quality of work life, approaches to improve quality of work life, impact of quality of work life and effects of quality of work life. 

Abstract 
This study is prominent as it takes up topic which is much needed among several people such as wholesalers,
manufacturers, retailers and ultimate consumers. Levy of GST reduces the burden of all these people as it
transparent. It helps stakeholders in many ways like maintenance of records as to GS T. It reduces the tax to be imposed at various stages. Uniform tax rate is imposed on respective value of commodities. Therefore, inflation level is always at check. This GST reduces prices of essential commodities there by people tend to pay right price for a commodities. Tax thus imposed directly goes to government. This research article first deals with Introduction,
Objectives and Methodology. Secondly it highlighted relevance review of literature for the study and thirdly, it deals with data analysis, discussion and interpretation and finally it concludes with findings and suggestions. 
Keywords: Digital economy, Goods and Services Tax, Uniform Tax Rate, and Retailer. 

Abstract 
India has had a glorious past. Our cultural heritage is comparable to that of China or Egypt. We had great kings
and kingdoms. Half of the major world religions had their origin in India. We and produced great thinkers and
philosophers who contributed to several branches of knowledge. But most of our history before 1500 AD is in
oral traditions. Indians, by and large, were not good at record keeping. This is especially true about hard facts
and data relating to various aspects of life. Even for the period 1500 to 1750 AD data are rudimentary. The
historical trends discussed in this section, by and large, are based on Cambridge Economic History of India edited by Dharma Kumar with editorial assistance by Meghnad Desai and Tapan  Raychaudhuri and Irfan Habib 
Keywords: Digital economy, Goods and Services Tax, Uniform Tax Rate, and Retailer. 

Abstract 
Countries can potentially choose to import from wide varieties that are available in different sources and this
choice has a bearing on their growth rates. A distinction between imported and domestically produced capital
goods. Capital goods exerts a significant effect on the growth rates of per capita incomes; particularly in developing countries. Almost 80 percent of capital goods production in the world is concentrated in few countries.
The capital goods industry has been witnessing a downturn for the past few years. The prime objective of this research paper is to examine the impact of importing or making capital goods in the home country. 
Keywords: capital goods, import, export, productivity, growth rate, make in India, use in India, investment.  

Abstract 
Decision making is an important process in any corporate organisation and it is not an exception to IT companies. Decision making happens at top level of management in IT organisations. Top management consists  board of directors, president, vice-president, chief executive officer (CEO) or managing director. In IT companies these board of directors, president, vice president and chief executive officer frame the policies of the company. They develop company plans and make better decisions regarding software production for various companies based on the requirement of offer given by the organisations. They decide the price and other strategies for developing the software, recruiting the software personnel fixing the salary for them, training and development for the new entrants and placing the trainees in the respective disciplines. They frame the time constraint  for developing the software and within that stipulated time  the software should be developed by the respective developers. These top level managers control the entire organisation and also appoints middle level managers, departmental managers and coordinate the entire organisation based on the policies of the company. Each organisation has its own decision making practice. It may vary from organisation to organisation. Some organisations will give complete authorities to the managers in taking important decisions and recruit the right kind of people  and also analyse the requirements of a job before beginning the recruitment and selection process.  

Abstract 
Employee turnover has always been a matter of concern for organizations. A large degree of employee  turnover is highly detrimental to both the organization as well as the employees. How to reduce employee’s turnover intention is a very pivotal challenge   . Pay better incentives and employee’s motivational techniques have been useless and old practices of the human resource management. To analyze employee’s turnover intention and its impact on organizational outcomes 100 questionnaires were distributed to the first and middle line employees in selected   educational  institutions  in Bangalore. This is a qualitative research. The study was done through questionnaire. From the econometric analysis, it is found out that turnover intention has influence on attrition factors such as Quality work life , career growth, working hours, personal/family reasons, and relation with internal co – worker, welfare, working condition, and salary.. 
Key Words: Attrition, Turnover intention. 

Abstract 
Mutual Funds provide a policy for a common investor to contribute in the Indian capital market with professional
fund management irrespective of the amount invested. The Indian mutual fund industry is increasing rapidly and this is reflected in the increase in Assets under management of various fund houses. Mutual fund investment is less risky than directly investing in stocks and is therefore a safer option for risk averse investors. Monthly Income Plan funds offer monthly returns and invest majorly in debt oriented instruments with little exposure to equity. However it has been observed that most of the investors are not aware of the reimbursement of investment in mutual funds. This is reflected from the study conducted in this research paper. This paper makes an attempt to classify various factors affecting awareness of investors regarding investment in Mutual funds. The findings will help mutual fund
companies to identify the areas required for improvement in order to create superior awareness among investors
concerning investment in mutual funds. 
Keywords: Attrition, Turnover intention. 

 

Abstract 
Method of Analysis after collecting all the information, it was transferred to a worksheet. The data relating to set of the objectives was then classified and the findings recorded after which the data was graphically represented. However, fascinating the individual’s job assignment is, the employee must be paid. Pay affects the way people work-how much and how well. Wages are paid by hourly or daily, whereas salaries are paid by monthly basis. Wage and salaries for a particular employee or employer depends upon the various factors like his grade, position, qualifications, place, inflation, type of organization, industry, etc. Per-capita income of a country is calculated upon the wage or salaries of an individual. Wage is the compensation an employee receives in return for his or her contribution to the organization. Wage occupies an important place in the life of an employee A large part of the compensation that people receive from work is monetary. 
Keywords: Attrition, Turnover intention. 

Abstract 
Running a business without advertisement is just like “winking at a beautiful girl in the dark” where we know what we are doing but she doesn’t know anything. The real great advertisement of all time has captured the poignant moment, has wrapped their brands in the words and pictures of that poignant moment and their served that package up for sale to those very same emotions. The cost efficiency becomes the driven force of increasing profitability in the Indian context through integrated marketing communication. The diversified cultural practices of Indians are creating opportunities for the corporate to adopt poignant advertisement to communicate. The primary objective of the research is to understand the concept of integrated marketing communication, poignant advertisement and its impact on customer behavior. 
Keywords: Advertisement S, Poignant Moment, Cost Efficiency, Diversified Cultural Practice. 

Abstract 
In the recent years, people need to use Internet at anytime and anywhere. Internet of Things (IOT) allows people and things to be associated anytime, anyplace, with anything and anyone, ideally using Any path/network and
Any service. IOT can be distinguished by various technologies, where traditional security services are not directly applied on IOT due to different communiqué stack and various principles. So stretchy safety measures mechanisms are need to be invented, which deal with the security threats in such dynamic environment of IOT. In this survey we present the various research challenges with their respective solutions. Also, some open issues are revealed and some hints for further research direction are advocated. 
Keywords: Internet-of-Things; Sensor Networks; Smart objects; Sensors; Actuators; ubiquitous; Security. 

Abstract 
Higher education is one of the growing horizons in present  scenario. This paper has been designed with the objective that whether education loans are beneficial for students both in rural and urban area. The data’s are  based on the  information obtained from primary sources which includes 135  students who have taken education loan from the banks. Secondary data is collected from relevant websites and reports These loans are therefore a method for private contributions towards the costs of higher education in a easy way. An aim where student support system is to ensure their upfront costs do not deter potential students. The education loan scheme is beneficial for all whether these are students, educational organizational or banks.  
Keywords: Banks, Beneficial, Educational organizations, Education loan, Students. 

Abstract 
The study analyzed the different factors that are responsible for the Aggravation of women garment workers in India. Three garment factories from Yelahanka area under Bangalore rural were selected purposively where garment factories are available. The sample consisted of 90 women workers taking 30 randomly from each of the three garment factories. Female workers are mostly employed at the lower category of jobs like operator, finishing helper, polyer etc. These jobs are very monotonous in nature. Because of the nature of their jobs, female workers sometimes lose interest in work and become depressed. A large number of female workers received low and irregular wages which create their job dissatisfaction. Female workers are sexually harassed by their co-workers in the factory . Communication problem is a major problem faced by most of the female garment workers. A long distance travel is not only physical strenuous but also mentally stressful. Their overtime rate is very low. Long working hours result in a number of illnesses and diseases like headache, eye trouble, ear ache, musculoskeletal pain etc. Women are exploited easily due to lack of technical knowledge and training. The employers do not pay any need to this exploitation.  
Keywords: Garment industry, Women workers, Aggravation. 

Abstract 

Rural Banks play a significant role in the upliftment of
rural mass. The aim of rural banks is to bridge the credit
gaps existing in the rural areas and they are supposed to be
effective instruments of economic development in rural
India.Agriculture employs more people than any other
economic sector in India making it the main occupation of
the country with majority of Indians forming a large chunk
of rural population. Financial inclusion is seen as one of
the means for overall economic development of a country.
The growth of the Rural Retail Banking Industry fosters
Financial Inclusion by Nationalization of banks, priority
sector lending, and the lead bank schemes, establishment of
more Regional Rural Banks, launch of self-help groups and
bank linkage programs to provide financial access to the
unbanked and under banked areas. The stalk reality is that,
even till date the rural areas lack access to sustainable
financial services, whether it is saving, credit or insurance.
This study aims to identify the most probable scenarios of
banking facilities and to address the constraints that
exclude people from full participation in the financial
sector. 
Keywords: Rural Banks, Financial Inclusion, Rural
Development, RBIion.  

Abstract 
The concept of work life balance has originated from the fact that an individual's work life and personal life may
put forth conflicting demands on one another and the demands from both the domains are equally important.
Work-life balance is essential in every industry – for every professional, employee, and executive. “Nurses are the
single largest group of registered and regulated practitioners in the health workforce of any country and are internationally recognized as being fundamental to the provision of healthcare” (WHO:2002). Yet, it is often the
people in careers devoted to helping others, like those in the healthcare industry, who are challenged finding time
for self-care and the “life” side of the scale. Today many nursing staff have a hard time achieving this balance due to job demands, erratic work schedules, or inability to say no when someone asks for help. This paper examines the direct and indirect effects of work-life-balance practices of female nursing professionals. 
Keywords: Work-life balance, healthcare, profession, industry.  

Abstract 
This research intends to examine the performance of commercial banks in Trichy district towards education loan
and the bankers’ perception and the problems faced by them with regard to education loan. Student (Borrowers)
perception and the level of satisfaction and the problems faced by the student of education loan. The review of literature was reviewed about  both bankers and borrowers perception on education loan. Based on the literature survey, the objectives of the study were decided and keeping view the scope as well as need or covering uncovered areas. The present study has used both primary and secondary data. The secondary data, are been collected from website o bank and newsletters in google etc The primary data o sample are be collected by the student who has taken education loan from various banks were collected through well structured questionnaire and collected primary data from the officials o both public sector and private sector banks using a questionnaire. the present study consists with two banks from Public sector viz., Indian Bank, and , Canara Bank as well as two e banks from Private sector viz., Axis Bank and Karur Vysya Bank  officials respectively from Trichy or the purpoconducting this ace to ace interaction with the bank officials regarding problems in sanction and recovery on loan, attitudes and achievements o the bankers etc. 120 sample beneficiary o education loan drawn or the sample district as a proportionate basis using the simple random sampling method. The bankers should take initiatives by providing the financial assistance to meet the required objectives and make them to satisfy in all levels. 

Abstract 
Though Gandhiji considered rural economy as the backbone of Indian economy, today the rural people are in a pathetic condition that most of them are utterly faced with the problem of indebtedness. Indebtedness means an obligation to pay money to another party. Rural indebtedness is an indicator of the weak financial infrastructure of a country, which includes inability of the economic system to reach to the needy farmers, landless people in the villages and the agricultural wage labourers and acts as a encumbrance for the overall sustainable growth, thus it  is a serious and complex problem of an economy yet to unravel; it causes the rural people to succumb into the stress of debt. The micro credits are considered as the best platform for the development of confidence in the rural poor  which never ever demands any collateral security for taking loan and the procedures for taking loan from micro credit are also very simple with affordable interest rate and timely expendable too. It is improved the confidence and knowledge of banking, utilization of savings and credit, taking the self employment, interaction with the local organisation like – panchayats, Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs), Non-Governmental Organisations (NGO), bank staff etc. The recent innovations in microfinance group formation not only satisfied the financial needs of the poor, but also encourage in improving the skills and knowledge of banking and financial literacy. Mobilised group ventures in the Kerala state, comprising Self Help Group (SHG), Microfinance Institution (MFI), Farmer Entrepreneurial Group (FEG), Ayalkoottam (AK), Neibourhood Groups (NHG) etc., perform an appropriate micro-enterprise wit microfinance as essential component ensuring sustainable development. 
Keywords: Rural Indebtedness, Source of loan Micro credit organizations 

Abstract 
Efficient market hypothesis (EMH) and the random walk theory are the two central concepts that explains the
financial market efficiencies. According to the EMH and random walk theory, if a market is efficient, it is not possible to it is not possible to forecast future share prices with the use of historical stock prices. The profitability of
technical trading has been extensively debated previously, but as yet there is no consensus among the economists.
Therefore this gives an impetus to continue the study. I have done it by applying the moving average convergence/divergence (MACD) technical indicator, to roughly the last 10 years historical prices of the Bombay
Stock Exchange index, and tried to find out whether it can beat the normal market returns or not. And thereby having an idea as to which strategy should be followed by the investors. 

Abstract 
Dimension of business ethics from ancient Indian times and its contemporary relevance for business leadership.  In the Indian context, during the past one decade we have witnessed an increase in number of literatures on applying ancient wisdoms especially from the Bhagavad-Gita, Ramayana and the Arthashastra in the business leadership context. However, very few works are found on business ethics from the Thirukkural and its revelance for contemporay business leadership. The Thirukkural is a well-known treatise on ethics which was authored by Thiruvallavar in the second century. It is considered to be the first work which covers ethics in Indian literature. The Authors Employed Hermeneutics, a qualitative methodology which is the interpretation of acient or classical literatures. The findings reveal that Thirukkural advocates a consciousness and a spirit centere approach to the subject of business ethics based on eternal values and moral principles that should govern the conduct of business leaders. The prospect of highlighting the Thirukkural in other areas like leadership can be considered for the near future.This paper likely to provide insights into Indian business ethics and western manager and employee, enabling them to work more effectively with Indian leaders and business partners either in india or aborad. It also has some implications for leaders for leaders in Indian context and employees who have to deal with ethical dilemmas in making their daily business decision. This paper is also expected to reinforce Thirukkural Ethics to Indian business leaders and make them more aware of the code of conduct in business. This paper start with the understanding of the concept ethics and business ethics, which is branch of ethics. The Final part of this paper explores the business ethics from the Thirukkural and its relevance for Contemporary Leadership. 
Keywords:- Indian ethics, Business ethics, leadership, Ancient wisdom, Thirukkural. 

 

Abstract 
A brief mention of the fact that rural India makes up close to three-fourths of India’s population and 51% of the
total disposable income is enough to ascertain that this market holds a significant amount of potential. Some might be lead to believe that  per capita calculations would prove the previous statement incorrect. However, the fact that rural India forms 41% of India’s middle class and a mere one percent increase in India’s rural income translates to a mind-boggling Rs 10,000 crore of buying power is evidence enough to know that this market holds promise. The research paper studies the diffusion of branded FMCG industry in rural area/ rural market. We conduct the research with the sample size of 100 numbers around the Kanakapura, Magadi, Channapattana and Ramanagar areas to find out the rural marketing strategies for brand penetration on FMCG industry. 
Keywords: Rural Market, Brand Strategies, FMCG. 

Abstract 
Indian banks are not reliable in the performance phases of technology due to the executive attitude, IT dispersion, adapted level of technology by the customers, and the employees’ perceptions towards technology, competitive advantage gained from IT as a strategic tool,etc. By bearing in mind a single variable, it may not be appropriate to assess the status of IT performance by banks. Hence, this study developed and used a comprehensive and an original index, viz., Information Technology Index (ITI), which is an amalgamation of all the possible variables grouped into three categories, viz.,information interpretation, web-site quality and technology carrying out.Further, this study also analysed the implementation status of payment gateways (facilitated by technology) at industry level, as the data were available only for the Commercial banks in Chennai district. 
Keywords: Rural Market, Brand Strategies, FMCG. 

Abstract 
As it’s known that poverty persists in India, and it has to think of overcome it but it is an inescapable aspect of the human condition. As it known from the examples that the world, over a very short time, poverty and material and infant mortality can be dramatically reduced while education and gender equality can be dramatically advanced rural micro – credit projects are showing the way to improve the rural people. Poverty is the threat to prosperity everywhere. The global economy, even at the dawn of 21st century can be encapsulated in one stark contrast the widening inequalities and disparity between the rich and the poor. The affluent sections enjoy comfortable life style on the other hand the poorest of the poor live in severe deprivation characterized by illiteracy, malnutrition, lack of shelter vulnerability to diseases, lack of educational opportunities and employment opportunities to enhance upward mobility and restriction to assess resources that would allow to work their way out of poverty. 
Keywords: Rural Market, Brand Strategies, FMCG. 

Abstract 
Financial literacy is the perception by which investors perk up their sympathetic of financial markets, products,
concepts and risks. Financial literacy refers to the acquaintance obligatory for managing personal finance. As a substitute it covers an understanding of how to use credit accountability, handle money, lessen financial risks  and develop long-term payback of savings. There are many constraints in financial literacy programmes of banks. The existing study is an endeavor to look at the constraints in Financial Literacy among Literates in Tirunelveli District. The customers are selected from Nationalized Banks, Old generation Private sector banks, New generation Banks based on their educational qualification. The variables used for examination are the constraints. The result found that the constraints on financial literacy vary according to the educational qualification among customers. 
Keywords: Financial literacy, Financial literacy constraints, Personal finance, Financial education, financial awareness. 

Abstract
Employees are esteemed resource of the organization and success or failure of the organization relay on the performance of employees. Therefore, organizations are financing large amount on employee training and development programs. Importance of employee development program is growing for the organizations those pursuing to receive an advantage among competitors. nFurthermore, in training program it is supportive for companies to emphasis on knowledge, expertise and ability of employees. There is substantial discussion among professionals and researchers on the affect that development program has on both employee and organization. The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual study established on the employee training and development program and its benefits. This study also described here is a vigilant assessment of literature on fundamental of employee development program and its benefits to organizations and employees.  
Keywords: Training design, training component, training benefits. 

Abstract
The modern global business environment has revolutionized business practices during the last few decades. Production practices, service structures, and organizational frames have been dramatically changed as technology and new markets have emerged fostering the growth of outsourcing industry. Today’s business organizations outsource their oncor activities and focus more on core functions to achieve individual and organizational effectiveness. One of the major concerns of global business organizations is management of diverse human resources, to ensure optimal and strategic cutilization of this resource for accomplishment of individual, organizational and societal objectives. This concern lead to the growth of RPOs specialized  to offer cost effective and qualitative talent hiring onb time. RPO involves transfer outsourcing) of all or some recruiting activities and processes to a third party provider who performs internal recruitment function of identification and hiring right candidate for any vacant positi ons in an organizati on. RPO leverages market knowledge, industry expertise and procurement of talent to improve quality of hire, speed of delivery and cost containment. Appealing arguments are made for and against RPO as a means of achieving long-run competitive advantage. On one hand, by outsourcing recruitment acti vities to specialized organizations, firms may better focus on their most value-creating activities, and there by maximize the potential effectiveness of the organizations. Also, as
outsourcing of recruitment activities increases, investment on facilities, equipment, and man power can be reduced. On the other hand, anecdotal evidence suggests that increased reliance on RPO may lead to reduced innovati on, eventual competition from RPO partners and reduction in control of the task in question. This study is intended to analyze Efficacy of Recruitment Process Outsourcing. There searcher has collected the data using convenience sampling, mail survey and snow ball sampling approaches, through a structured questionnaire with
a sample size of about 50 respondents. Gaining a clearer per sportive on Efficacy of Recruitment Process Outsourcing is the expected outcome of this study. 
Keywords: Recruitment Process Outsourcing (RPO), Recruitment, Outsourcing, Organization. 

Abstract
Now a days in mobile phone marketing  have its comes a new kind of device, a  programmable mobile phone, Generally,   mobile   phone   users   can program any application which  is customize for needs. Furthermore, they can share these applications in global  web online market. Therefore, mobile phone and its application are now most popular keywords in mobile technology. Therefore people they have interested to buy mobiles in mobile shops and online marketing. Today’s mobile phone application markets host an ever increasing number of applications. The sheer number of applications makes their review a daunting task. Application  Playground   integrates   multiple   components comprising different detection and an Automatic exploration technique for this purpose. Our evaluation shows that Application Playground is quite effective at automatically detecting privacy leaks and malicious functionality in applications. The purpose of this paper is to present the result of a survey on the attitude of consumers toward the various types of mobile phone in marketing usages such as application software, e-mail, Internet browsing, ringtones, and other mobile contents The data were collected through survey
questionnaires filled by 50 individual users across the city in Pudukkottai. 

Keywords: Mobile phone, Consumer attitude, Consumer usage survey, Exploratory Study. 

Abstract 
As a cosmic truth the demographic transition is an unavoidable phenomenon happening in any country in the world. The net result is the transformation of the population structure of a country by the changes in between birth rate and death rate. Such types of events are always explained  by theory of demographic transition and it gives the valuable explanations regarding the various categories of workforce in the economy. Therefore, in the first two stages of the demographic transition theory always unveils more details about the young workforce than elderly workforce due to the high birth and death rates. But after these two stages, the population cohort a country fills with elderly workforce due to the low birth and death rates in the third and fourth stages of demographic transition. These series of events is a common fact in the developed countries of world, so the theory is hundred percentage matched with the trends of these economies. The similar situation has been occurring in the Kerala and its trend of fertility transition moves as the trend of developed country. Consequently, unlike the other states of India, the state has been holding largest proportion of the  elderly persons and their growth rate is alarmingly increasing from one decade to another decade. These things add more elderly workforce into the total workforce of the state economy. Finally this trend challenges the socioeconomic development of the state and compelling the governmental authorities to take serious policy measures in the areas of elderly work participation and their care so as to reduce the old age dependency. 
Keywords: Third and Fourth Stages of Demographic Transition, Population  Cohort, Elderly Workforce, Work Participation, Old Age Dependency. I. I
 

Abstract 
The Internet is a storehouse of knowledge.General Knowledge is an essential part of education. The Internet is the best means for acquiring to know the edge. The students can know very interesting things by accessing the internet.The accessing of the Internet is very useful a for the students to develop their innovation for their subject and knowledge of the world. The Internet can give us a clear idea of the current events of the country and the world. The Internet also brings out the plans and policies of the corporations and the government. The Internet is the best medium of advertisements concerning business, trade and industry in all over the world. This paper deals with the internet accessing habits and attitude in the electronic environment among Sree Sowdambika College of Engineering (Aruppukottai, Tamilnadu) students. 
Keywords: Internet, Electronic environment,Internet Accessing habits and attitude, Conclusion. 

 

Abstract 
ICT has grown up as the most popular and effective information tools of present age. In this study, the usage of ICT by the students of medical colleges in Agartala, Tripura is conceded. A total number of 207 respondents were selected and their response was obtained with the help of question naires. Most of the students use the ICT for education purposes and for checking E-mails. Slow access speed and over lode information produced by the internet are the two problems faced by the users. 

Abstract
The aim of this article analyses the training and development practice of public sector banks in Thanjavur district.  Training and Development is a key factor of human resource management practice. The more objective of the present paper is to study the existing status and role of training and development programmes for banks for their employees.  Training and Development also improve the organization performance of an employee and at each level of organization.  The current research theme isdescriptive and based on primary data collectedthrough a questionnaire filled by different bankemployees.  Some change has also been considered with the change in environmental development.  It is suggested that the training and development are  inevitable and unavoidable in any sector.
Keywords: Bank, Training & Development,Performance, etc. 

Abstract 
The present study intend to examine the female work participation in the Kerala economy based on the events which have taken place during 2001 and 2011 census. Moreover this research work considers the structural changes of the female work participation as Kerala possess high literacy and efficient human resource. The role of female work force has been altering according to the speed of urbanization, technological changes and the novel
employment opportunities along with the changes in the demographic cohort. Thus, the status of female work has always been influenced by their work participation. Ultimately, the study analyses the decadal fundamental changes of the female work participation rate in rural-urban areas in the various districts of Kerala. 
Keywords: Labour force Female Work, Participation, Population of Working Age, Working population, Urbanisation. 

Abstract
There are various Articles in the Constitution of India and further more in different laws accommodating reasonable treatment to people in authority, however lamentably a large portion of the arrangements have remained paper tigers without teeth. It is by and large poor people,hindered and more vulnerable segments of the general public who are survivors of custodial violations in light of the fact that there is nobody to really focus on them and to secure them. Except if the rule that everyone must follow is maintained against the liable law requirement faculty, custodial brutality will keep on rising. The police must work to ensue that the laws and institutions of the State in no way to violate the life, but rather protect it and promote it. There exists a sort of covenant between the police and people. There must be mutual acceptance and it can be ensured only if the police and people obey the laws which are in force.
Keywords: Civil Rights, Fair Treatment, Law Enforcement,Personal Liberty, Political Rights.
 

Abstract
The review of earlier studies on women  empowerment and Self Help Groups provides an insight into the issues concerning women development and empowerment. Cheeran jeevalu (2003) In his study revealed that, it is proved that women have developed abundant self confidence and self esteem through self help group movement, this is
done only economically but socially and politically this process.  

Abstract
       India is in the path of digitalisation. Each aspect of the economy is transmitting to digital. The Indian
customers are fast going digital- snapping smart phones and tablets. Government at the Centre and in States are also being doing their bit by building digital infrastructure to bridge the mile network gap. Digitization of PDS is one among them. Public Distribution System is recognized as a permanent feature of the Indian economy and evolved for distribution of essential commodities at reasonable prices and management of emergency situations. The PDS in India is the largest distribution machinery in the world. But there are numerous problems associated with the Public Distribution System in terms of quality, quantity, storage, management etc. Those problems create a hindrance in the effective and efficient working of the system. To overcome the problems the Government of India made major reforms in PDS in 2015, digitisation of ration cards. The prime focus of Digitization reform is to make PDS more transparent and leak free. The paper makes an attempt to study the significance of Digitization in PDS and the different types of reforms in the Digitization process.

Keywords: PDS, Digitization, Leakage, Diversion