Journal Issues

ABSTRACT
Financial literacy is important for an individual for several reasons, financially literate individuals can make effective use of financial products and services and individuals will not get cheated by people selling financial products not suited for them. Financial literacy helps improve the quality of financial services and contributes to the economic growth and development of a country. The present study attempts to focus on the existing financial literacy level of the Women working in the IT sector in the Chennai City. This study is focused on finding out the importance of financial literacy for financial planning and to find out the need for financial education and measures to improve financial literacy. It also attempts to know the individuals' preferences for various short-term and long-term investment options and the main reason behind investing in various investment options. It also measures the awareness level of individuals on various Financial Inclusion of the Government. Data was collected through by distributing structured questionnaires to 100 women working in the IT sector in the Chennai district.

Key Words – Financial Literacy, Financial Inclusion, Financial Education, Financial Planning, Liquidity, Investments.

Received : 3th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
Stress represents a normal, necessary, and unavoidable phenomenon in one’s life that causes temporary discomfort and at times has long-term consequences both physically and emotionally. Several factors cause stress experienced by individuals irrespective of age or profession. Among these, the type of person one is that reflects his personality, is a major factor that can impact stress. While some individuals can handle huge amounts of stress and function normally, others collapse when they experience stress for long. Currently, the academic stress experienced by college students is on the rise as they are under pressure to pursue professional courses after or even while pursuing their degree on account of the rising expectations of their kin and kin and to meet the demands of the competitive job market. Also, due to the autonomy system, even students doing their degree experience stress as they are under pressure to satisfy the requirements of the autonomy pattern to obtain a degree. As personality has a deep significance in the ability to handle stress, this paper aims to find the relationship between personality and factors causing academic stress.

Keywords: personality, Big Five Factor, academic stress, courses, students, type.

Received : 4th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
Job stress is the stress experienced by a particular individual in a particular job. Job stress can be positive or negative. Positive stress is called as “Eustress” and negative stress is called as “Distress”. “Eustress” is one where the situations offer an opportunity for the individual or gain something. “Distress” is associated with heart disease, alcoholism, drug abuse, marital breakdown, absenteeism, child abuse, and a host of other social, physical, organizational, and emotional problems. Stress is therefore, not something damaging that should be avoided but it can be beneficial by handling the stressful situation in such a way that a person experiences the positive feelings of “Stress” and reduces the negative effects of “Distress” in the performance of a job. The present study tried to examine the causes of stress among women employees with five HRM competencies, like Management policies, Performance evaluation, Role-playing, Goal Achieving, and Stress Management Techniques. For this purpose, a structured questionnaire with Likert‟s five-point scale was distributed to 600 women employees working in public, private, and MNC. Factor analysis was used to identify the causes of stress among women employees.

Key Words: Stress, Women employees, HRM competencies. JEL Classification: C80, C83, C89.

Received : 4th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

According to Jacob Bercovitch the purpose of conflict management, whether undertaken by the parties in conflict or whether involving the intervention of an outside party, is to affect the entire structure of a conflict situation to contain the destructive components in the conflict process (e.g. hostility, use of violence) and help the parties possessing incompatible goals to find some solution to their conflict. Effective conflict management succeeds in minimizing disruption stemming from the existence of a conflict and providing a solution that is satisfactory and acceptable.

Received : 5th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
Today‟s employees spend an incredible amount of time at the workplace and are expected to deliver workplace and home duties efficiently. Empowered employees seek career satisfaction and women IT professionals are no exception. This paper presents the outcomes of a study on career satisfaction among married women IT employees in Kerala State. The study sought to trace how select individual and inter-personal factors namely self-efficacy and work-family conflict serve to predict career satisfaction. Data were collected from 150 married women IT employees from three different IT companies in Kerala state using a questionnaire method. Multiple Regression Analysis was carried out to identify significant predictors of career satisfaction. The authors call for innovative and transformational human resource strategies to enhance the career satisfaction of married women IT professionals.

Keywords: Career Satisfaction, Self-efficacy, Work-family conflict, IT professionals, married women, Kerala.

Received : 6th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

Ever since, The Companies Act, 2013 was passed by the Indian Parliament in August 2013, the legislation regarding Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been capturing the interest and imagination of businessmen across the country. The Act requiring large companies to spend 2% of their profits every year on CSR activities made India the first country to mandate CSR. In any country, Multi-National Corporations (MNCs) and Business entities play a major role in alleviating social problems due to their economic power and ubiquitous presence in day to day activities of people. While the bright side of the business has been visibly touching, and transforming the lives of millions of people, its dark side is no secret. From time to time, business entities have been troubling government bodies with corruption, bending rules, the window dressing of books, exploiting employees, consumers, and natural resources, tax evasion, and violation of human rights, pushing the government to formulate laws regarding business ethics and social responsibility.
Until the provisions regarding CSR were mandated, the activities displaying social responsibility endeavors of business organizations have been voluntary with minimum reporting and regulations. These voluntary undertakings posed a separate set of problems such as fake disclosures, free-riding, and Greenwashing CSR reports. For some time, companies believed that complying with rules and regulations of the land, fulfills their social responsibility as a business, but the responsibilities of a corporation are much broader and have a wider impact on the society in which it functions.

Received : 7th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
Word of Mouth Communication has been one of the most exciting areas of recent research enquiry in theoretical marketing. While a majority of research on word of mouth focuses on its triggers and consequences, relatively less attention has centred on the moderating factors that surround word of mouth. One such factor is tie strength. WoM communication takes place within a defined social circle and its impact is often defined by the closeness of the relationship established between the information seeker and the information provider. The closeness of this relationship is known as the “tie strength” (Duhan et al, 1997). No comprehensive study has been found that studies the impact of tie strength on WoM Effectiveness as a whole. The main contribution of this study is to fill this gap. This study specifically examines how tie strength characteristics influence the effectiveness of WoM conversations. A total of 1535 urban consumers who were party to word-of-mouth conversations constitute our sample for the study. Data are collected from respondents across five urban centres of Assam (India) using a structured questionnaire that was administered to the respondents. Linear regression method is used to examine the absolute impact that tie strength characteristics have on the effectiveness of word of mouth. The findings reveal that factors like a close relationship with the referrer and high mutual confidence influence the effectiveness of word of mouth the most whereas factors like frequency of interaction between the referrer and the referee are not that important.

Keywords and Phrases: WoM Communication, Tie Strength, Urban Consumers, Close relationship, Mutual Confidence.

Received : 8th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
In the global world, a cashless economy has an important role in business transactions. Nowadays middle to upper-class people are using the cashless transaction that improves their money transactions by the way of the immediate online payment system. It helps to ease the export/import business transactions. The purpose of this study is to expose the strengths and weaknesses of a cashless economy, as well as the limitations of a cash-based economy. The emerging trends of cashless transactions have also been discussed.

Keywords: Cashless economy, emerging trends, SWOT Analysis, Virtual money.

Received : 9th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
Individuals have a belief that they do not need any financial planning as their income and expenses are regular, which is very much wrong. The people believe that their savings which they accumulate in their bank do not require any intervention to maximize financial gains. Even after „n‟ several research and studies, in the areas of savings and investment patterns of investors and individuals in various financial and physical investment avenues like bank deposits, real estate, and assets like gold and silver, it becomes all the more important to study and analyze by adopting advanced research in the preferences, risk perceptions, perception on return on investment and level of satisfaction towards various investment avenues available to the Government and private sector employees among people residing in Chennai. Taking these various issues into consideration, the undertaking of the present study was deemed mandatory. The present study has been carried out to know the investment pattern of Government and Private Employees and to find out the various factors affecting the investment decisions of Government and Private employees who are residing in Chennai.

Received : 10th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

Marketing is a way of connecting the customers in the right place at the right time. Today marketing means, meeting the customers where they spend more time. Now most of the public spends their time on the internet. Internet access is also rapidly growing day to day from 2G to 5G. Similarly, the internet users are also in an increasing trend. The motive of every concern is to increase their profits by attracting more customers. They have to go with the changing pattern of the customers. So, the businesses have started to turn towards online marketing, to attract the customers through online. Due to this change lakhs and lakhs of products are sold through online. Based on this few questions arise. Can all the entrepreneurs do online marketing? How far it is possible for a new entrepreneur? India is an agricultural country, and most of the population is from rural areas. How far do the new entrepreneurs from Rural areas go for digital marketing? This study paves the way for the above questions.

Received : 11th January 2019

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper gives a brief introduction to Knowledge Management (KM), its need, definition, and challenges, and also provides information on how the KM initiative has been adopted at Infosys, to support organizational success. Both knowledge sharing as well as reuse need to be encouraged and recognized at the individual employee level as well as the company level. This is best done by measuring and rewarding knowledge performance. Sustained strategic commitment and a corporate culture that is conducive to knowledge performance are vital for success in Knowledge Management. The paper deals with the implementation of policy and future practices of KM in Infosys.

Keywords: Knowledge management, Infosys, K-Shop, PAD, PKM, Sparsh.

Received : 12th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
The trend of automating the workforce management process began during the year 1970 with limited technology and steadily gained momentum since the 1990s. This Human Resource Management System (HRIS) is a form of HR software that is used to combine several necessary HR functions, such as storing employee data, managing payrolls, recruitment process, benefits administrations, and keeping a track of attendance records. In the era of digitalization, a wave of technological advancement has impacted every sphere including that of HR. A core definition of e-HRM is the planning, implementation, and application of information technology for both networking and supporting at least two individual or collective actors in their shared performing HR activities. The goal of e-HRM is to attain cost-effectiveness, improve the morale of internal customers, and address the business tactics. E-HRM is has become an indispensable in this era of globalisation and whereby the employees spread across the globe are well networked and micro-monitored. Today, E-HRM in general gauges the various parameters like age parity and computer technological applications also e- HRM engages the output levels of satisfied employees vis-à-vis other less satisfied employees and gauges their performance against a common backdrop. The application of E-HRM attempts to engage the morale of satisfied employees to reach the pinnacle output and improve the efficiency. Having mentioned all these positive attributes, E-HRM can attain phenomenal growth and reach out on varied aspects of employee engagement which will be happening in the coming years. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the perception of technology initiatives undertaken by the corporates and to assess dissimilitude. The researchers has collected information from 50 employees of IT and non-IT in Chennai through a structured questionnaire. It has been analyzed using statistical tools and the results are interpreted.

Keywords: Automating, implementation, payrolls, morale, globalization.

Received : 13th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

Refurbishment is the distribution of products that have been previously returned to a manufacturer or vendor for various reasons. Refurbished products are normally tested for functionality and defects before they are sold. It is repaired by the manufacturer and resold. Refurbished products may be unused customer returns that are essentially "new" items, or they may be defective products that were returned under warranty, and resold by the manufacturer after repairing the defects and ensuring proper function.

Received : 14th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
The Millennials is the term given to the people who were born from the 1980s to the early 2000s and are also called the Generation Y. Millennials include, generation Y and Generation Z (born in 1991-2001). They represent $2.45 trillion of the spending power. Over 70% of them spend more on brands supporting causes they care about. Corporate Social Responsibility persists as one of the important factors in building relationships with millennials. Brands need to pay attention to social causes and show sincere support rather than using CSR as another tool for profit making. Recent researches warn companies to keep an extra-sensitive eye on their millennial customers as they are considered to have the greatest wealth transfer in history. As the Millennials possess the greater buying power today, it is advised for companies to look into business practices that a millennial customer would relate to such as, Going Green‘. Today, the New Age customer‘ looks into the sustainability practices of the organization and assesses the organization‘s value, and shifts to other organizations that follow low-impact and greener choices. This study elucidates the:
1. Challenges faced by the Organizations to practice Corporate Social Responsibility in this millennial age.
2. Significance of Green HRM practices in CSR

Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Green Human Resource Management, Millennial Age.

Received : 16th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

The term ‘investment’ means different in every function of business. In a general sense, the term invest means the distribution of your funds to generate a return in the future. Investors try to make their investment decisions with utmost rationality which is looking for an avenue with less risk and higher returns. There are various avenues for investing in a country like India like the money market, capital market etc. The investors try to gain as much knowledge as possible of these before investing. Investment behaviour is important to an individual’s future and that decision may be dependent on many factors. It has been said that the attitude of people towards investment affects the potential returns from them. There are various personal factors like loss aversion, herd behaviour, overconfidence etc. which affect the investment.
Investment of money into the stock market is not a very favourable thing for university students. There is a lot of ambiguity amongst the students when you talk about investing their money. This is usually because of factors like lack of knowledge, low savings and even their risk tolerance. There are various studies which analyse the investment behaviour amongst the investors, but most of them do not consider the student population. In this study, we are trying to analyse the investment behaviour among students and the factors affecting them.

Keywords: Investors, Investment and Stock market.

Received : 15th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
The mandate for equal rights for men and women is embedded in India‘s Constitution. Gender equality is a constituent of development as well as an instrument of development. It is a constituent of development as no country can be deemed developed if half its population is severely disadvantaged in terms of basic needs, livelihood options, knowledge access, and political voice. It is an instrument of development because without gender equality other goals of development like poverty alleviation, economic growth, and environmental sustainability will not be achieved. Gender inequalities hinder development. Ignoring gender disparities comes at a great cost to people's well-being and to the country‘s ability to grow sustainably, to govern effectively. This research analyses the disparity in pricing of products and services which aim at delivering the same utility value to the consumers regardless of their gender. The paper aims to bring to light to whether consumers are aware of such gender-discriminatory pricing policies being adopted by companies and the underlying implications of such bias.

Keywords: Discrimination, Pricing, Pink tax, Consumption, Gender disparity, women in India.
JEL Classification Codes: L11, J16.

Received : 16tthJanuary 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper attempts to understand temperaments and how they are understood in a work scenario. However, considering the various aspects of innovation and change, do individuals also change to these situational needs? Do the temperaments that are the basis for behavioral personalities change the individual to what we understand as Transformational? The paper attempts a model to explain the impact of change and innovation of temperaments and explains it to transactional and transformational phenomena.

Keywords: Work scenario and transformational phenomena.

Received : 18th January 2019 

Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019