ABSTRACT
Job stress is the stress experienced by a particular individual in a particular job. Job stress can be positive or negative. Positive stress is called as “Eustress” and negative stress is called as “Distress”. “Eustress” is one where the situations offer an opportunity for the individual or gain something. “Distress” is associated with heart disease, alcoholism, drug abuse, marital breakdown, absenteeism, child abuse, and a host of other social, physical, organizational, and emotional problems. Stress is therefore, not something damaging that should be avoided but it can be beneficial by handling the stressful situation in such a way that a person experiences the positive feelings of “Stress” and reduces the negative effects of “Distress” in the performance of a job. The present study tried to examine the causes of stress among women employees with five HRM competencies, like Management policies, Performance evaluation, Role-playing, Goal Achieving, and Stress Management Techniques. For this purpose, a structured questionnaire with Likert‟s five-point scale was distributed to 600 women employees working in public, private, and MNC. Factor analysis was used to identify the causes of stress among women employees.
Key Words: Stress, Women employees, HRM competencies. JEL Classification: C80, C83, C89.
Received : 4th January 2019
Accepted : 30th January 2019
Published : 13th February 2019
1. Adeline Broadbridge (2000). “Women in management review “, Vol.15, No .3., pp.145-154 MCB University Press, ISSN 0964-9425.
2. Cooper, Carly L. and Davidson, Marilyn J, (1982). High pressure: Working Lives of Women Managers. Manchester Institute of Science and technology, p.254.
3. Cooper and Davidson (1993). High pressure: Working Lives of Women Managers. Manchester Institute of Science and technology, p.254.
4. Debra L. Nelson and Ronald J. Burke (2000). “Women Executives: Health, stress and success”, Academy of Management Executives Vol 4 No 2.
5. Gupta, A. (1982). “Stress among working women: Its effect on martial adjustment. Paper presented at the UGC Seminar on stress in contemporary Life”. Strategies of Coping. New Delhi.
6. Harshpinder and Aujlap (2002). “Socio-environmental stressors among working women and non -working women, “Indian J. Soc.Res., Vol. 43(1), pp.1-7.
7. Osmany and Khan (2003). Organizational stress in working women. Indian Psy.Rev,61, Special Issue, pp2-6.
8. Rajadhyaksha (1996). “Work family conflict across the work family life cycle: A study of Dual Carrier Couples”, Unpublished FPM Dissertation, IIM, Ahmadabad.
9. Tharakan (1992), “Occupational stress and Job Satisfaction among working Women”. J. Indian Aca, App, Pys.,18 (1&2):37-40.