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Satisfaction Level of Passenger Car Users with Special Reference to Pudukkottai District
B.BUVANESWARI
Pages: 1-6 | First Published: 05 Dec 2016
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Analyzing HRM Practices in Poultry Farming Industry at Namakkal District
Dr. A. S. MANIKANDESWARAN
Pages: 7-12 | First Published: 05 Dec 2016
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Abstract
HRM practices are a relatively new approach to managing people in any organization. People are considered the key resource in this approach. It is concerned with the people dimension in the management of an organization. The Indian poultry industry employs more than 3 million farmers and 15 million agrarian farmers who grow poultry ingredients for feed and contributors. Rs 26,000 crore to the national income. The poultry farm industry engages

Issues and Challenges of Rural Women Entrepreneurs
Dr. N. SWARNALATHA
Pages: 13-20 | First Published: 05 Dec 2016
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References

  1. Ayadurai, Selvamalar, “An Insight into the Constraints Faced by WomenEntrepreneurs in A War-Torn Area: Case Study of The Northeast of Sri Lanka, presented at the 2005 50thWorld Conference of ICSB Washington D.C.
  2. Barhate, G.H and Patgaonkar, M.S (2012), “Rural Women Entrepreneurs in the Informal Sector of India”, The UPI Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, Vol.IX, No.1, 2012
  3. Cantillon Richard (1951): “On the Nature of Commerce in General” in A.E.onroe(ed) Early Economic Thought, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mess.
  4. R. Ganapathi & S. Sannasi, 2008, “Women Entrepreneurship – The Road Ahead”, Southern Economist, Vol. 46, No. 18, January, p. 36-38;
  5. G.Henry James, Dr.K.Satyanarayana, “Women Entrepreneurs in India –Problems and Prospects”, International Journal of Academic Research, Vol.2, Issue- 2(8), April-June, 2015
  6. Jose P., Ajith Kumar, and Paul T.M., “Entrepreneurship Development”, Himalaya Publishing,1994,
  7. Khanka S.S. (2007): “Entrepreneurial Development”, S. Chand & Co., New Delhi. pg. 23
  8. Ram Naresh Thakur, “Rural Women Empowerment in India”, in Empowerment of Rural Women in India Kanishka Publishers, New Delhi, 2009, Pp.120-129 91. Rekhapriyadharshini.A and Reeves Wesley.J, “Women Entrepreneurs in
    the rural sector”, IOSR Journal of Business and Management (ISOR –JBM), Volume 13, Issue 1, Sep-oct 2013, Pp.23-26
  9. Vaghela R. Hurdle in the Way of Rural Entrepreneur.International Multidisciplinary Journals. 2013, I.
  10. Raju S, Bhuvaneswari H. A Study on Rural Entrepreneurship with Sivaganga District. Global Journal for Research Analysis, 2014, 3(3).
  11. Pharm A, and Sritharan R. Problems Being Faced By Women Entrepreneurs in Rural Areas. The International Journal of Engineering And Science, 2013, 2(9).
  12. Parveen K. Development of Rural Women Entrepreneurs through Workshop Training. Research Journal of Management Sciences. 2014, 3(2).
Microwave Assisted Rapid Biosynthesis and Anticancer Activity of Silver Oxide Nanoparticles
Dr. VITHIYA K
Pages: 21-33 | First Published: 05 Dec 2016
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Abstract
Silver oxide nanoparticles can be synthesized by chemical and biological methods. Biological synthesis emerges as an exciting, eco-friendly approach but the process is very slow given industrial applicability. The development of a reliable method for the rapid synthesis of nanoparticles is one of the significant interests in current nanotechnology research. In this paper, a combinatorial synthesis approach using microwave-assisted bioreduction of silver nitrate to silver oxide nanoparticles using Bacillus SSV1 culture supernatant is presented. Silver oxide nanoparticle synthesis was found to be rapid (<15 min) and spherical nanoparticles with an average particle size of 30 nm were obtained. The cytotoxic effect of the silver oxide nanoparticles was studied against
HepG2 and Chang liver cell lines by MTT assay. Silver oxide nanoparticles showed dose-dependent response on HepG2 (IC50= 0.47 μg/ml) and Chang liver cells (IC50=1.11μg/ml). This study proves to be an able alternative for rapid green synthesis of stable silver oxide nanoparticles to conventional methods.
Keywords: Silver oxide nanoparticle, Bacillus, Microwave, Anticancer, Cytotoxicity.

Reference

  1. Acharya, S., Singh, K., 2011. Microwave-assisted chemical reduction routes for direct synthesis of Fe-Pt nanoparticles in ordered face-centered tetragonal L10 phase. J
    Microw Power Electromagn Energy. 45, 63–69.

  2. Antony, J.J., Sithika, M.A.A., Joseph, T.A., Suriyakala, U., Sankarganesh, A., Siva, D., Kalaiselvi, S., Achiraman, S., 2013. In vivo antitumor activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Ficus religiosa as a nanofactory in DAL induced mice model. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 108, 185-190.

  3. Carlson, C., Hussain, S.M., Schrand, A.M., Braydich-Stolle, L.K., Hess, K.L., Jones, R.L., 2008. Unique cellular interaction of silver nanoparticles: size-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. J Phys Chem B. 43, 13608-13619.

  4. Dhoondia, Z.H., Chakraborty, H., 2012. Lactobacillus mediated synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles. Nanomater Nanotechnol.15, 1-7.

  5. Duran, N., Marcato, P.D., Alves, O., De Souza, G.I.H., Esposito, E., 2005. Mechanistic aspects of biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by several Fusarium strains. J Nanobiotechnol. 3, 8.

  6. El-Sonbaty, S.M., 2013. Fungus-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of antitumor activity. Cancer Nanotechnol. 4, 73-79.

  7. Hu, B., Wang, S-B., Wang, K., Zhang, M., Yu, S. H., 2008. Microwave-assisted rapid facile “green” synthesis of uniform silver nanoparticles: self-assembly into multilayered films and their optical properties. J Phys Chem C. 112, 11169-11174.

  8. Inbathamizh, L., Mekalai Ponnu, T., Jancy Mary, E., 2013. In vitro, evaluation of antioxidant and anticancer potential of Morinda synthesized silver nanoparticles. J Pharm Res. 6, 32-38.

  9. Jacob, S.J., Finub, J.S., Narayanan, A., 2012. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Piper longum leaf extracts and its cytotoxic activity against Hep-2 cell line. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 91, 212-214.

  10. Liu, F-K., Huang, P-W., Chu, T-C., Ko, F-H., 2005. Gold seed-assisted synthesis of silver nanomaterials under microwave heating. Mater Lett. 59, 940-944.

  11. Masurkar, S.A., Chaudhari, P.R., Shidore, V.B., Kamble, S.P., 2008. Rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cymbopogan  (lemongrass) and its antimicrobial activity. Nano-Micro Lett. 3, 189-194.

  12. Mazur, M., 2004. Electrochemically prepared silver nanoflakes and
    nanowires. Electrochem Commun. 6, 400-403.

  13. Mizuki, E., Park, Y.S., Saitoh, H., Yamashita, S., Akao, T., Higuchi, K., Ohba, M., Parasporin., 2000. A human leukemic cell-recognizing parasporal protein of Bacillus. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 7, 625-634.

  14. Mukherjee, P., Ahmad, A., Mandal, D., Senapati, S., Sainkar, S.R., Khan, M.I., Parischa, R., Ajayakumar, P.V., Alam, M., Kumar, R., Sastry, M., 2001. Bioreduction of AuCl4- ions by the fungus, Verticillium sp. and surface trapping of the gold nanoparticles formed. Nano Lett. 1, 515-519.

  15. Mukherjee, P., Roy, M., Mandal, B.P., Dey, G.K., Mukherjee, P.K., Ghatak, J., Tyagi, A.K., Kale, S.P., 2008. Green synthesis of highly stabilized nanocrystalline Ag particles by a non-pathogenic and agriculturally important fungus T. asperellum. Nanotechnol. 19, 075-103.

  16. Nair, B., Pradeep, T., 2002. Coalescence of nanoclusters and formation of submicron crystallites assisted by Lactobacillus strains. Cryst Growth Des. 2, 293–298.

  17. Nghia, N.V., Truong, N.N.K., Thong, N.M., Hung. N.P., 2012. Synthesis of nanowire-shaped silver by polyolprocess of sodium chloride. Int J Mater Chem. 2, 75-78.

  18. Noroozi, M., Zakaria, A., Moksin, M.M., Wahab, Z.A., Abedini, A., 2012. Green formation of spherical and dendritic silver nanostructures under microwave irradiation without reducing agent. Int J Mol Sci. 13, 8086–8096.

  19. Ohba, M., Mizuki, E., Uemori, A., 2009. Parasporin, a new anticancer protein group from Bacillus. Anticancer Res. 29, 427-434.

  20. Parashar, V., Parashar, R., Sharma, B., Pandey, A.C., 2009. Parthenium leaf extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles: A novel approach towards weed utilization. Digest J Nanomater Biostruct. 4, 45-50.

  21. Sadowski, Z., Maliszewska, I.H., Grochowalska, B., Polowczyk, I., Kozlecki, T., 2008. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using microorganisms. Mater Sci Poland. 26, 421-424.

  22. Saifuddin, N., Wong, C.W., Nur Yasumira, A.A., 2009. Rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using culture supernatant of bacteria with microwave irradiation. J Chem. 6, 61-70.

  23. Somayyeh, M., Hammed, A., Delavar, S., Motallebi, A.A., Anvar, A.A., Jafar,
    R.N., Shokrgozar, M.D.R., 2011. Toxicity study of nanosilver (Nanocid®) on osteoblast cancer cell line. Nano Lett. 1, 11-16.

  24. Sriram, M.I., Mani Kanth, S.B., Kalishwaralal, K., Gurunathan, S., 2010. Antitumor activity of silver nanoparticles in Dalton’s lymphoma ascites tumor model. Int J Nanomedicine. 5, 753-762.

  25. Vithiya, K., Kumar, R., Sen, S., 2014. Antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized silver oxide nanoparticles. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology. 8, (In press).

  26. Vithiya, K., Sen, S., 2011. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 11, 2781-2785.

  27. Wei, W., Mao, X., Ortiz, L.A., Sadoway, D.R., 2011. Oriented silver oxide nanostructures synthesized through a template-free electrochemical route. J Mater Chem. 21, 432-443.

  28. Xie, J., Lee, J.Y., Wang, D.I.C., Ting, Y.P., 2007. Silver nanoplates: from biological to biomimetic synthesis. ACS Nano. 5, 429-439.

A Study on Modus Operandi in Hire Purchase Business with Special Reference to Hire Vendors in Chengalpattu
Mrs. K. SRIDEVI
Pages: 34-44 | First Published: 05 Dec 2016
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Abstract
The General method of selling property is the cash sale. The credit sale system is an alternative method of cash sale. The third system of selling property is the installment system. In an installment system, property is delivered to the buyer immediately but payments are made in periodic installments such as weekly or monthly, quarterly or half-yearly or yearly so on. Hire purchase and installment purchase systems are the major parts of the installment system. However, the hire purchase installment system is the prime concern of this study. With an increasing demand for a better life, the consumption of property has been on the uprising scale. This has not been backed up by adequate purchasing power, transforming it into effectual demand (Mukherjee and Hanif 1998). This has created the market for hire purchase systems. When a person is unable to acquire an asset against immediate cash payment, he may arrange with the vendor to stagger the payment. The financial institution plays the role of facilitator between buyer and seller to enter into the hire purchase agreements. Hire purchase agreement makes it possible for businesspersons, professionals, and others to take advantage of assets all of which enable them to organize and operate their activities effectively. Hire purchase is a system by which a buyer pays for a thing in regular installments while enjoying the use of it. During the repayment period of ownership, the item does not pass to the buyer. Upon the full payment of the hire purchase facility, the title passes to the buyer. Hire purchases can accelerate the pace of growth and development. First, the increase in spending has the effect of increasing the multiplier effect on income in addition to encouraging aggregate investment. Increased income raises the level of expenditure further thus setting in motion a virtuous cycle of growth in consumption, investment, income, and development. Hire purchase also helps to sustain growth by making it possible for the client to resist the downward adjustment of their consumption during a fall in their income. This paper discusses the method of operations made by the hire purchase companies, the client, and economic growth.
Key Words: Hire Purchase, Modus Operandi, Hirer, Hire vendor, Financial Institution.

Individual Investor’s Behavior in Chennai City –An Empirical Study
S.RAMANATHAN
Pages: 45-56 | First Published: 05 Dec 2016
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References

  1. Laura Wilbert [1986] selling out. Forbes May 1986P. 33.

  2. Pamela Sebastian. [1986] Many small investors Quit Picking stocks and shifting to mutual funds. The Wall Street Journal. Feb. 7, 1986. P.1.

  3. A Study on Investment Pattern of Retail Investors in Mutual Fund, With Special Reference to Franklin Templeton Investments in Coimbatore City. International Journal of Applied Research and Studies Volume 2, Issue 11.

  4. M. MacGruder Barnwell. [1987] Op. cit.

  5. Jerome B. Cohen, Edward D. Finberg and Arthur Zeikel. [1987] Investment analysis and portfolio management v. Ed. Illinois: Richard D. Irwin Inc. 1987.

  6. Richard B. Ross. [1987] Op. cit.

  7. Own M. [1987] Quattlebaum Investment Risk and the individual investor-Part-II Ed. William G. Drowns 1987. Op. cit. pp. 16-21.

  8. Owen M.Quattlebaum [1987] Op.cit

  9. William G. Droms. [1987] “Investment Risk and the individual investors-part I” William G. Droms Ed. 1987. Op. cit. pp. 10-15.

  10. A. Michael Lipper and Maureen J. Busby. [1987] Op. cit. pp. 72-83

  11. Jerome B. Cohen et.al. [1987] Op. city p. 549.

  12. M.MacGruder Barnewall. [1987] Op.cit.

  13. M.MacGruder Barnewall. [1987] Op.cit.P.62

  14. Labdhi R. Bhandari. [1987] Research on marketing in India: A survey. Paper presented at the National Symposium on Management Research at I.I.M. Ahmadabad. 1987.

  15. Lisa R. Weiss. [1988] “Setting investment objectives with the individuals” Darwin M. Bays ton. Ed., 1988. Op. cit. pp. 17-22.

Impact of Globalization on Indian with Special Reference to Rural and Urban Development
Mrs.N.UMARANI
Pages: 57-63 | First Published: 05 Dec 2016
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Abstract
In the present era, particularly in the last two decades every person talks of globalization and says that the whole world is a global village. In fundamental intelligence, it means „integrating‟ the economy of the country with the world economy. The impact of globalization on Indian and rural development has a wonderful power. The Indian urban and rural development is viewed as the two faces of the same coin. They are equally mutually dependent and both have a greater impact on globalization. India is getting global recognition and slowly moving forward to become a major economic and political strength. This paper clearly elucidates that globalization is a complex phenomenon and its impact on rural and urban development clearly. It has a very thoughtful impact on both Indian rural and urban development. As a result, globalization has shown outstanding growth in urbanization and rural development. Keywords: globalization, urban and rural and global

References

  1. Improvement of the situation of women in rural areas”, General Assembly, United Nations-2005.
  2. “The impact of globalization on families and communities”, International Anglican Family Networks, London-2008.
  3. Sandhya Rani, G. “Globalization and Women”, Asia-Pacific Journal of Social Sciences
  4. Rahaman, Md. Mizanur. “Impact of globalization on rural development”, Thailand-2013.
  5. Chandran, Jayprakash, Shankar, R. “Emerging urban development issues in the context of globalization”, Institute of Town Planners”, India Journal, 2009.
  6. Ashutosh, Kumar “Effect of globalization on Indian society”, 2013.
  7. Shaikh, Ziya. “ Impact of globalization social and cultural values in India”
Study of Practices Working Problems of Brass Parts Industries with Reference to Kumbakonam Thanjavur District
Dr. T. MAHENDRAN
Pages: 64-71 | First Published: 05 Dec 2016
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Abstract
It starts with a small narration on the qualifications of the existing research which is titled: “A research of methods, working issues of steel places sectors with referrals to Kumbakonam Thanjavur district”. Their qualification gives way to look at the crucial issues the steel places sectors of the region experience nowadays and ends into an issue declaration. After describing the troublesome places, the narration changes to interpreting the goals of the research, followed by a brief on the research technique followed in the research. The last sub-story is on the perspective of the research. The steel areas companies are primarily an advanced market supplying a wide range of steel areas and components to almost all the technological innovation industries ranging from the electrical/ electronic market to the automobile market. Its’ phenomenal development could also be attributed to the development and variation of other technological innovation-related sectors of the profession. The steel areas market has a heavy concentration in Kumbakonam.
Key Words: Brass industry, working problems, Technology, etc.

Reference

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  14. Verma, Covind Das, Structure of small scale engineering industry in Uttar Pradesh, India, (Thesis submitted to Banaras Hindu University).