Mayas Publications logo
Buy Books Buy journals

Journal Issues

Back To Archive
Investigation of the Changes of Stress and Self-Confidence Due to Mantra Yoga and Hatha Yoga Practices among Middle Aged Women
Dr. G.Radhakrishnan, Director of Physical Education, Sir Theagaraya College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Pages: 1-4 | First Published: 05 Jan 2026
Full text | Abstract | PDF | References | Request permissions

Abstract

The study's goal is to examine how middle-aged women's practices of hatha and mantra yoga affect their levels of stress and confidence. The study was limited to thirty middle-aged women in order to fulfil its objectives. The subjects, who were exclusively between the ages of 30 and 45, were selected from the area surrounding Sir Theagaraya College in Tamil Nadu, India. The participants were split into two groups: the control group and the group that practiced hatha and mantra yoga together. Each group was limited to 15 participants. The training group was limited to taking part in the program five days a week for a total of twelve weeks. The individuals' levels of stress and confidence were assessed both before and after the training session. The Everly and Giordano stress scale was used to measure stress, while the Rekha Agnihotry self-confidence questionnaire was used to measure self-confidence. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was the statistical method utilised in this investigation. After twelve weeks of integrated yoga practices, the study found a considerable change in stress and self-confidence. Nonetheless, the experimental groups were favoured.

Key Words: Mantra yoga and hatha yoga practices, stress and self-confidence

References

  1. Claudio Robazza, a, and Laura Bortoli, Perceived impact of anger and anxiety 120 on sporting performance in rugby players, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2007, Pages 245-269.

  2. Cong, C.S. M. Tsunaka, H.W. Tsang, E.P. Chan and W.M. Cheung, “Effects of Yoga on Stress Management in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review”, Altern Ther Health Med¸ 17:1, January – February, 2011.p 32-38.

  3. Johnson, Barry L. and Jack, K. Nelson. (1982) Practical Measurement of Evaluation in Physical Education (3rd ed). Delhi: Surjeet Publications. 

  4. Plowman Sharon A. and Denise L. Smith, Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, October 2011.

  5. Samsudeen, S.Kalidasan, R.(2007), influence of game specific field training and yogic practices on physical, physiological, psychological and performance variables among college level cricketers, paper presented at the international conference on “metabolic syndrome in Yoga and Naturopathy” Alagappa University, Karaikudi.

  6. Saraswati, Swami Satyananda, Asana Pranayama Mudraa Bandha, Varanasi: Bharagava Bushan Press, 1999.

  7. Sharma, V., Trakroo, M., Subramaniam, V., Sahai, A., Bhavanani, A., & Rajajeyakumar, M. (2013). Effect of fast and slow pranayama on perceived stress and cardiovascular parameters in young health-care students. International Journal of Yoga. 6:2, 2013.p 104-110.

Role of Artificial Intelligence in Transformational Leadership: An Empirical Study in the IT Industry in Bangalore
Rahath Begum Ph.D( Full Time) Research Scholar in Commerce, Dr.P.Kavitha Assistant Professor and Research Supervisor PG and Research Department of Commerce (A) (Affiliated to Thiruvalluvar University) Islamiah Women’s Arts and Science College Vaniyambadi
Pages: 5-32 | First Published: 05 Jan 2026
Full text | Abstract | PDF | References | Request permissions

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a critical enabler of organizational transformation, particularly within the IT industry. This study investigates the role of AI in transformational leadership by examining the relationship between demographic variables, AI contribution levels in transformational leadership. Primary data were collected from 130 IT employees. Percentage analysis and chi-square tests were employed. The findings reveal that demographic variables do not significantly influence transformational leadership, and AI contribution levels show no statistically significant relationship with transformational leadership. The study concludes that while AI supports leadership processes, transformational leadership remains predominantly human-driven.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Transformational Leadership, IT Industry, Demographic Factors, Chi-square Analysis

References

  1. Avolio, B. J., Kahai, S., & Dodge, G. E. (2001). E-leadership: Implications for theory, research, and practice. Leadership Quarterly, 11(4), 615–668.

  2. Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: Free Press.

  3. Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2017). The business of artificial intelligence. Harvard Business Review.

  4. Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper & Row.

  5. Davenport, T. H., & Ronanki, R. (2018). Artificial intelligence for the real world. Harvard Business Review, 96(1), 108–116.

  6. Dirican, C. (2015). The impacts of robotics, artificial intelligence on business and economics. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 564–573.

  7. Garcia, P. R., & Calantone, R. (2020). Artificial intelligence capabilities and leadership effectiveness. Journal of Business Research, 116, 17–28.

  8. Jarrahi, M. H. (2018). Artificial intelligence and the future of work: Human-AI symbiosis. Business Horizons, 61(4), 577–586.

  9. Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 755–768.

  10. Raisch, S., & Krakowski, S. (2021). Artificial intelligence and management: The automation–augmentation paradox. Academy of Management Review, 46(1), 192–210.

  11. Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2021). Artificial intelligence: A modern approach (4th ed.). Pearson.