Mayas Publications logo
Buy Books Buy journals

Journal Issues

Back To Archive
Phytoremediation: as a Boon to Nature- A Review
Reena Sharma
Pages: 1-23 | First Published: 05 Jan 2022
Full text | Abstract | Purchase | References | Request permissions

Abstract
Environmental pollution is big problem in front of the world. It is posing a threat to flora, fauna and human health. Polluted soil and water can be a major cause of many diseases. Various toxic contaminants can enter the food chain if not checked timely. They can have deleterious effect on living organisms. This situation led to the discovery ofecofriendly and cost-effective technology of phytoremediation. Other techniques of treating waste are quite expensive and out of the range of economically weaker countries. It is being used widely around the world. This review paper puts a light on the need, mechanism behind this technology, varied type of plant species involved and the pathway followed by plants for bioremediation.
Keywords: Pollution; phytoremediation; ecofriendly; cost-effective; contaminant

1. Abhilash PC, Jamil S, Singh N. Transgenic plants for enhanced biodegradation and phytoremediation of organic xenobiotics. Biotechnology Advances. 2009; 27, 474-488.
2. Alkorta I, Garbisu C. Phytoremediation of organic contaminants in soil. Bioresource Technology. 2001; 79, 273-276.
3. Alvarenga P, Gonçalves AP, Fernandes RM, Varennes A, Vallini G, Duarte E. Organic residues as immobilizing agents in aided phytostabilization: (I) Effects on soil chemical characteristics. Chemosphere. 2009; 74(10):1292-1300.
4. Arie nzo M, Adamo P, Cozzolino V. The potential of Lolium perenne for revegetation of contaminated soil from a metallurgical site: Sci. Total Environ. 2004; 319:13-25.
5. Banuelos GS. Phytoextraction of selenium from soils irrigated with selenium-laden effluent. Plant Soil. 2000; 224(2):251-258.
6. Cabanero FJ, Carvajal M. (2007). Different cation stresses affect specifically osmotic root hydraulic conductance, involving aquaporins, ATPase and xylem loading of ions in Capsicum annuum, L. plants. Journal of Plant Physiology. 2007; 164, 1300-1310.
7. Caçador I, Duarte B. Chromium Phyto-transformation in Salt Marshes: The Role of Halophytes. Phytoremediation. 2015; 211-217.
8. Chaney RL, Malik M, Li YM, Brown SL, Brewer EP, Anjel JS. Phytoremediation of soil metals. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 1997; 8(3):279-284.
9. Chhotu D, Jadia D, Fulekar MH. Phytoremediation of heavy metals: Recent techniques. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2009; 8(6):921-92.
10. Clemens S, Palmgren MG, Krämer, U. A long way ahead: understanding and engineering plant metal accumulation. Trends in plant science. 2002; 7, 7, 309-315.
11. Cunningham SD, Shann JR, Crowley DE, Anderson TA. Phytoremediation of contaminated water and soil. In Kruger EL, Anderson TA, Coats JR (ed.) Phytoremediation of soil and water contaminants. ACS symposium series 664. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1997, 2-19.
12. Deepa KK, Sathiskumar M, Binupriya AR, Murugesan GS, Swaminathan K, Yun SE. Sorption of Cr (VI) from dilute solutions and wastewater by live and pretreated biomass of Aspergillusflavus. Chemosphere. 2006;62:833-840.
13. Dushenkov D. Trends in phytoremediation of radionuclides. Plant Soil. 2003; 249:167-175.
14. Ensley BD. Rationale for the use of phytoremediation. phytoremediation of toxic metals using plants to clean-up the environment. John Wiley Publishers: New York, 2000.
15. Garbisu C, Alkorta I. Phytoextraction: A cost-effective plant-based technology for the removal of metals from the environment. Bioresour. Technol. 2001; 77(3):229-236.
16. Ghosh M, Singh SP. A review on phytoremediation of heavy metals and utilization of it's by products. Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res. 2005; 3(1):1-18.

17. Ismail I, Saleh IM. Analysis of heavy metals in water and fish (Tilapia sp.) samples from Tasik Mutiara, Puchong. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences. 2012; 16:346-352.
18. Jadia CD, Fulekar MH. Phytoremediation of heavy metals: Recent techniques. Afr. J Biotechnol. 2009; 8(6):921-928.
19. Jiang LY, Yang XE, He ZL. Growth response and phytoextraction of copper at different levels in soils by Elsholtzia splendens. Chemosphere. 2004; 55(9):1179-1187.
20. Kadukova J, Kavulicova J. Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils – plant stress assessment. Handbook of Phytoremediation. 2011. Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 185-212.
21. Kvesitadze G, Khatisashvili G, Sadunishvili T, Ramsden JJ. (2006). Biochemical Mechanisms of Detoxification in Higher Plants. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
22. Lasat MM. Phytoextraction of toxic metals: A review of biological mechanisms. J Environ. Qual. 2002; 31:109-120.
23. McGrath SP, Zhao J, Lombi E. Phytoremediation of metals, metalloids, and radionuclides. Advances in Agronomy. 2002; 75:1-56.
24. McLaughlin MJ, Zarcinas BA, Stevens DP, Cook N. Soil testing for heavy metals. Commun. Soil. Sci. Plant Anal. 2000; 31(11-14):1661-1700.
25. Mori S, Uraguchi S, Ishikawa S, Araoa T. Xylem loading process is a critical factor in determining Cd accumulation in the shoots of Solanum melongena and Solanum torvum. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 2009. 67, 127-132.
26. Nascimento CWA, Xing B. Phytoextraction: A review on enhanced metal availability and plant accumulation. Scientia Agricola. 2006; 63:299-311.
27. Ouyang, Y. (2002). Phytoremediation: modelling plant uptake and contaminant transport in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Journal of Hydrology, 266, 66-82.
28. Patel E, Modi NR. A review of phytoremediation. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2018; 7(4): 1485-1489.
29. Pulford ID, Watson C. Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated land by trees: A review. Environ. Int. 2003; 29:529-540
30. Revathi K, Harbabu TE, Sudha PN. Phytoremediation of chromium contaminated soil using sorghum plant. International Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2011; 2(2):417-428.
31. Saier MH, Trevors JT. Phytoremediation: water, air and soil pollution, 2010, 561-563.
32. Salt DE, Smith RD, Raskin I. Phytoremediation. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 1998; 49:643-668.
33. Schwitzguebel JP. Hype or Hope: The Potential of Phytoremediation as an Emerging Green Technology. Federal Facilities Environmental Journal.2002. 109-125.
34. Singh A, Eapen S, Fulekar MH. Potential of Medicago sativa for uptake of cadmium from contaminated environment. Romanian Biotechnology Letters. 2009; 14:4164-4169.
35. Singh OV, Labana S, Pandey G, Budhiraja R, Jain RK. Phytoremediation: an overview of metallic ion decontamination from soil. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.2003; 61(5):405-412.
36. Susarla S, Medina VF, McCutcheon SC. Phytoremediation: an ecological solution to organic chemical contamination. Ecol. Eng. 2002; 18(5):647-658.
37. Turan M, Esringu A. Phytoremediation based on canola (Brassica napus L.) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) planted on spiked soil by aliquot amount of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Plant Soil Environment. 2007; 53:7-15.
38. USEPA. (United States Environmental Protection Agency). Electrokinetic and Phytoremediation In Situ Treatment of Metal-Contaminated Soil: Stateof- the-Practice.Draft for Final Review. EPA/542/R-00/XXX. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Technology Innovation Office, Washington, DC, 2000.
39. Zhang BY, Zheng JS, Sharp RG. Phytoremediation in engineered wetlands: Mechanisms and applications. Procedia Environ. Sci. 2010; 2:1315-1325.
40. Zhang H, Dang Z, Zheng LC, Yi XY. Remediation of soil co-contaminated with pyrene and cadmium by growing maize (Zea mays L.). Int. J Environ. Sci. Tech. 2009; 6:249-258.
41. Zhao, F.J., Hamon, R.E., McLaughlin, M.J. (2001). Root exudates of the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens do not enhance metal mobilization. New Physiologist, 151, 613-620.