Abstract
The study's goal is to examine how middle-aged women's practices of hatha and mantra yoga affect their levels of stress and confidence. The study was limited to thirty middle-aged women in order to fulfil its objectives. The subjects, who were exclusively between the ages of 30 and 45, were selected from the area surrounding Sir Theagaraya College in Tamil Nadu, India. The participants were split into two groups: the control group and the group that practiced hatha and mantra yoga together. Each group was limited to 15 participants. The training group was limited to taking part in the program five days a week for a total of twelve weeks. The individuals' levels of stress and confidence were assessed both before and after the training session. The Everly and Giordano stress scale was used to measure stress, while the Rekha Agnihotry self-confidence questionnaire was used to measure self-confidence. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was the statistical method utilised in this investigation. After twelve weeks of integrated yoga practices, the study found a considerable change in stress and self-confidence. Nonetheless, the experimental groups were favoured.
Key Words: Mantra yoga and hatha yoga practices, stress and self-confidence
References
Claudio Robazza, a, and Laura Bortoli, Perceived impact of anger and anxiety 120 on sporting performance in rugby players, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2007, Pages 245-269.
Cong, C.S. M. Tsunaka, H.W. Tsang, E.P. Chan and W.M. Cheung, “Effects of Yoga on Stress Management in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review”, Altern Ther Health Med¸ 17:1, January – February, 2011.p 32-38.
Johnson, Barry L. and Jack, K. Nelson. (1982) Practical Measurement of Evaluation in Physical Education (3rd ed). Delhi: Surjeet Publications.
Plowman Sharon A. and Denise L. Smith, Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, October 2011.
Samsudeen, S.Kalidasan, R.(2007), influence of game specific field training and yogic practices on physical, physiological, psychological and performance variables among college level cricketers, paper presented at the international conference on “metabolic syndrome in Yoga and Naturopathy” Alagappa University, Karaikudi.
Saraswati, Swami Satyananda, Asana Pranayama Mudraa Bandha, Varanasi: Bharagava Bushan Press, 1999.
Sharma, V., Trakroo, M., Subramaniam, V., Sahai, A., Bhavanani, A., & Rajajeyakumar, M. (2013). Effect of fast and slow pranayama on perceived stress and cardiovascular parameters in young health-care students. International Journal of Yoga. 6:2, 2013.p 104-110.
