Abstract
Informal Sector occupies Very important role in the developing countries. Kerala a model State in India is witnessing a rapid urban growth, with 47.72 per cent in 2011 as per the census of India. But this growth is unaccompanied by Industrialization and Agriculture development and it is said to be “Immature Urban Growth-meaning rapid Urban growth without industrialization and with stagnant Agricultural production. The Tertiary Sector based Urban growth in Kerala paved the way for the generation of Informal Sector employment. The share of both the informal Sector and employment increased in Kerala; whereas at the National level, plummeted based on the NSSO (National Sample Survey organisation) rounds from 38th rounds, in 1983 to 68th rounds in 2012. It is significant to note that the high potential urban Informal Sector in Kerala absorbed a large number of migrant Labours in the 80’s and 90’s. If we take stock of the situation, majority of the migrant labours are from Tamil Nadu. From the reliable source, it is inferred that Tamil migrant in Kerala constitutes 67.7 percent. Among the three big cities in Kerala, (Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi & Kozhikode), Thiruvananthapuram is one of the densely populated Districts of Kerala having a population density of 1508 persons/ per Sq.km as per the 2011 census of India. Resultantly the “Physiological density” will have it’s impact on the regional economy of the District of Thiruvananthapuram. The Urban density in the District of Thiruvananthapuram is much higher than the rural density. It is understood from a recent research study that the rural areas of the District (Thiruvananthapuram) may become the sacrifice zones for the expansion of the urban built-up lands. It is obvious that the higher wages for the unskilled labour in the state of Kerala accompanied by shortage of local labour, attracted the migrant labour to the state particularly from the neighbouring state of Tamil Nadu. It is in this backdrop the present Research problem was selected. From the Findings, it is learnt that the migrants workers in the urban Informal Sector in Kerala are content with the wages and they are economically better off with regard to their living standards than that of their native place in Tamil Nadu. However, some respondents complained that they are blackmailed or physically tortured by the local people. As a result of a large inflow of migrants to the state of Kerala from other states of India, the problems related to public health, sanitation, water supply, housing, Urban environment, Education, Infrastructural needs, Crimes etc. are increasing by leaps and bounds unless the Government authorities address them properly from time to time.
References
1. Economic Review, 2019, State Planning Board, Govt of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram District Urbanisation Report, Thiruvananthapuram, Department of Town and country planning, Govt. of Kerala, Jan – 2011.
2. Aneesh M.R & S. Suresh, Human Pressure on Land – The changing case of Thiruvananthapuram District of Kerala, International Journal of Science and Research, Vol.7, Issue 3, March 2018, (www.ijsrnet)
3. The Kerala migration survey, 2018 Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvananthapuram