Abstract
Food safety has become an increasingly complex public health challenge in the 21st century due to globalization, urbanization, and evolving dietary patterns. This study examines key food safety challenges, including microbial contamination, antimicrobial resistance, climate change, and inefficiencies in food supply chains, with a specific focus on urban dynamics in Bengaluru, India. Using a descriptive analytical approach based on global reports and peer-reviewed literature, the study also evaluates technological advancements such as Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP), artificial intelligence, and blockchain-based traceability systems.
Global evidence indicates that approximately 600 million people suffer from foodborne illnesses annually, with developing countries bearing a disproportionate burden. In rapidly urbanizing cities like Bengaluru, increased reliance on street food, processed foods, and complex supply chains further intensifies food safety risks. While technological innovations have improved monitoring and prevention, gaps remain in implementation, infrastructure, and regulatory enforcement.
The study concludes that ensuring food safety requires an integrated approach combining scientific innovation, strong governance, and public awareness. Localized interventions in urban centers such as Bengaluru are essential for strengthening food safety systems in emerging economies.
Keywords: Food safety, Bengaluru, foodborne diseases, HACCP, urban health, antimicrobial resistance
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